Info@liblaw.org
Document Category National Security Laws
| Title | Categories | Tags | Link | hf:tax:document_title | hf:doc_tags |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| An Act Granting Exclusive Rights to the Liberia Petroleum Refining Company (LPRC) (1989) | 1989, Banking, Business and Commerce Laws, Concession Law, Corporate Law, Energy Law, Executive Law, National Security Laws, Petroleum Laws | confiscation and forfeiture, economic policy, energy law, exclusive rights, importation of petroleum, Liberia Petroleum Refining Company, licensing and consent, LPRC, misdemeanor, monopoly, national security, penalties and fines, petroleum law, petroleum products, presidential approval, public corporation, regulation of strategic commodities, repeal of prior rights, retail distribution, statutory law, supply agreement, wholesale distribution | an-act-granting-exclusive-rights-to-the-liberia-petroleum-refining-company-lprc-1989 | confiscation-and-forfeiture economic-policy energy-law exclusive-rights importation-of-petroleum liberia-petroleum-refining-company licensing-and-consent lprc misdemeanor monopoly national-security penalties-and-fines petroleum-law petroleum-products presidential-approval public-corporation regulation-of-strategic-commodities repeal-of-prior-rights retail-distribution statutory-law supply-agreement wholesale-distribution | |
| An Act to Establish Firearms and Ammunition Control of Liberia (2016) | 2016, Environmental Laws, National Security Laws | an-act-to-establish-firearms-and-ammunition-control-of-liberia-2016 | |||
| Anti Money Laundering and Countering Financing of Terrorism (AML/CFT)Act of 2021 | 2021, Anti-Corruption Laws, Anti-Money Laundering Laws, Criminal Law, Human Trafficking Laws, National Security Laws | AML/CFT law, anonymous accounts, Anti-Money Laundering, asset freezing, asset management, Central Bank of Liberia, civil forfeiture, compliance obligations, Criminal Law, currency transaction reporting, customer due diligence, designated non-financial businesses and professions, enhanced due diligence, financial crimes, Financial Intelligence Agency, forfeiture proceedings, investigative powers, Liberia Anti-Corruption Commission, Ministry of Justice, money laundering offenses, monitoring orders, National AML/CFT Inter-Ministerial Committee, Penal Law, politically exposed persons, predicate offenses, preventive measures, proceeds of crime, proceeds of crime recovery, proliferation financing, provisional measures, recovered assets fund, regulatory supervision, reporting entities, Republic of Liberia, sanctions and penalties, search and seizure, seizure and confiscation, shell banks, simplified due diligence, statutory amendment, structuring offense, suspicious transaction reporting, terrorist financing, terrorist financing offenses, tipping-off prohibition, Title 26 Liberian Code of Laws Revised, virtual asset service providers, weapons of mass destruction, wire transfers | anti-money-laundering-and-countering-financing-of-terrorism-act-aml-cftact-of-2021 | aml-cft-law anonymous-accounts anti-money-laundering asset-freezing asset-management central-bank-of-liberia civil-forfeiture compliance-obligations criminal-law currency-transaction-reporting customer-due-diligence designated-non-financial-businesses-and-professions enhanced-due-diligence financial-crimes financial-intelligence-agency forfeiture-proceedings investigative-powers liberia-anti-corruption-commission ministry-of-justice money-laundering-offenses monitoring-orders national-aml-cft-inter-ministerial-committee penal-law politically-exposed-persons predicate-offenses preventive-measures proceeds-of-crime proceeds-of-crime-recovery proliferation-financing provisional-measures recovered-assets-fund regulatory-supervision reporting-entities republic-of-liberia sanctions-and-penalties search-and-seizure seizure-and-confiscation shell-banks simplified-due-diligence statutory-amendment structuring-offense suspicious-transaction-reporting terrorist-financing terrorist-financing-offenses tipping-off-prohibition title-26-liberian-code-of-laws-revised virtual-asset-service-providers weapons-of-mass-destruction wire-transfers | |
| Arms Commission Act of 2021 (2022) | 2022, Anti-Money Laundering Laws, Criminal Law, Executive Law, National Security Laws | AML/CFT, ammunition, anti-corruption, Anti-Money Laundering and Combating Financing of Terrorism, Armed Forces of Liberia, arms brokering, Arms Commission Act of 2022, arms control, arms control financing, arms import exemptions, arms intelligence, arms management policy, arms manufacturing, arms registry modernization., arms stockpile management, Arms Trade Treaty, arms trafficking, Article 89 of the Constitution, Board of Commissioners, budget preparation, Chairperson, civil service transfer, civil society organizations, civilian arms licensing, classified expenditures, collaboration with international partners, Commission composition, Commission leadership, Commissioner, conventional arms, Decent Work Act compliance, defense and law enforcement cooperation, destruction of illicit arms, disarmament, ECOWAS Convention on Small Arms and Light Weapons, effective date 2022, employment transition, Executive Director, Executive Law, Executive Protection Service, fines and administrative sanctions, firearms regulation, General Auditing Commission, governance structure, import and export control, institutional autonomy, Inter-Religious Council, internal revenue sources, Liberia Drug Enforcement Agency, Liberia firearms regulation, Liberia Immigration Service, Liberia National Commission on Arms, Liberia National Police, Liberia Revenue Authority, Liberia security reform, licensing fees, mandate and functions, marking and registration of firearms, Ministry of Finance and Development Planning, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs publication, Ministry of Internal Affairs, Ministry of Justice, Ministry of National Defense, national arms policy, National Arms Registry, national arms registry database, National Control List, national legislation, National Security Agency, national security coordination, National Security Law, National Traditional Council, peace and stability, private sector participation, public awareness and education on arms control, Public safety, quarterly reporting to President, repair and sale of weapons, repeal of Liberia National Commission on Small Arms, Republic of Liberia, security sector governance, semi-financial autonomy, small arms and light weapons, Technical Committee on Arms, Technical Review Board, Technical Secretariat, training and certification in physical security and stockpile management, transfer of property and records, transition from Small Arms Commission, transparency and accountability, trust fund establishment, Vice Chairperson, weapons proliferation, women’s organizations, youth representation | arms-commission-act-of-2021-2022 | aml-cft ammunition anti-corruption anti-money-laundering-and-combating-financing-of-terrorism armed-forces-of-liberia arms-brokering arms-commission-act-of-2022 arms-control arms-control-financing arms-import-exemptions arms-intelligence arms-management-policy arms-manufacturing arms-registry-modernization arms-stockpile-management arms-trade-treaty arms-trafficking article-89-of-the-constitution board-of-commissioners budget-preparation chairperson civil-service-transfer civil-society-organizations civilian-arms-licensing classified-expenditures collaboration-with-international-partners commission-composition commission-leadership commissioner conventional-arms decent-work-act-compliance defense-and-law-enforcement-cooperation destruction-of-illicit-arms disarmament ecowas-convention-on-small-arms-and-light-weapons effective-date-2022 employment-transition executive-director executive-law executive-protection-service fines-and-administrative-sanctions firearms-regulation general-auditing-commission governance-structure import-and-export-control institutional-autonomy inter-religious-council internal-revenue-sources liberia-drug-enforcement-agency liberia-firearms-regulation liberia-immigration-service liberia-national-commission-on-arms liberia-national-police liberia-revenue-authority liberia-security-reform licensing-fees mandate-and-functions marking-and-registration-of-firearms ministry-of-finance-and-development-planning ministry-of-foreign-affairs ministry-of-foreign-affairs-publication ministry-of-internal-affairs ministry-of-justice ministry-of-national-defense national-arms-policy national-arms-registry national-arms-registry-database national-control-list national-legislation national-security-agency national-security-coordination national-security-law national-traditional-council peace-and-stability private-sector-participation public-awareness-and-education-on-arms-control public-safety quarterly-reporting-to-president repair-and-sale-of-weapons repeal-of-liberia-national-commission-on-small-arms republic-of-liberia security-sector-governance semi-financial-autonomy small-arms-and-light-weapons technical-committee-on-arms technical-review-board technical-secretariat training-and-certification-in-physical-security-and-stockpile-management transfer-of-property-and-records transition-from-small-arms-commission transparency-and-accountability trust-fund-establishment vice-chairperson weapons-proliferation womens-organizations youth-representation | |
| Liberia Anti-Terrorism Act (2017) | 2017, Anti-Money Laundering Laws, Criminal Law, Human Trafficking Laws, National Security Laws | liberia-anti-terrorism-act-2017 | |||
| Liberia Anti-Terrorism Act (2017) | 2017, Criminal Law, National Security Laws | 2017, aiding and abetting, conspiracy, counterterrorism, Criminal Law, explosive device, extraterritorial jurisdiction, failure to report, financial intelligence unit, firearms offense, foreign terrorist fighter, harboring and concealment, hijacking, hostage taking, immunity, incitement, informant protection, money laundering, Penal Law, proceeds of crime, recruitment, repeal and replacement, statutory law, suspicious transaction report, terrorism, terrorist acts, terrorist bombings, terrorist financing, terrorist group, training, weapons of mass destruction, witness protection | act-to-amend-the-penal-law-on-offenses-involving-terrorist-acts-2017 liberia-anti-terrorism-act-2017 | 2017 aiding-and-abetting conspiracy counterterrorism criminal-law explosive-device extraterritorial-jurisdiction failure-to-report financial-intelligence-unit firearms-offense foreign-terrorist-fighter harboring-and-concealment hijacking hostage-taking immunity incitement informant-protection money-laundering penal-law proceeds-of-crime recruitment repeal-and-replacement statutory-law suspicious-transaction-report terrorism terrorist-acts terrorist-bombings terrorist-financing terrorist-group training weapons-of-mass-destruction witness-protection | |
| Liberia National Police Act (2016) | 2016, Executive Law, Legislative Acts by Subject, National Security Laws | liberia-national-police-act-2016 | |||
| Mutual Legal Assistance Act 2012 | 2012, Anti-Corruption Laws, Anti-Money Laundering Laws, Criminal Law, National Security Laws | AML/CFT law, asset recovery, asset sharing, confiscation orders, controlled delivery, Criminal Procedure Law, cross-border investigations, enforcement of foreign confiscation orders, evidence gathering, extradition related procedures, financial intelligence unit, foreign states cooperation, freezing orders, international criminal cooperation, international tribunals, law enforcement cooperation, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Justice, money laundering, mutual legal assistance, Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters Act, predicate offenses, privilege of foreign documents, proceeds of crime, Republic of Liberia, search and seizure, service of judicial documents, special investigative techniques, statutory amendment, surveillance, terrorist financing, Title 2 Liberian Code of Laws Revised, undercover operations, voluntary appearance of detainees, witness protection | mutual-legal-assistance-act-2012 | aml-cft-law asset-recovery asset-sharing confiscation-orders controlled-delivery criminal-procedure-law cross-border-investigations enforcement-of-foreign-confiscation-orders evidence-gathering extradition-related-procedures financial-intelligence-unit foreign-states-cooperation freezing-orders international-criminal-cooperation international-tribunals law-enforcement-cooperation ministry-of-foreign-affairs ministry-of-justice money-laundering mutual-legal-assistance mutual-legal-assistance-in-criminal-matters-act predicate-offenses privilege-of-foreign-documents proceeds-of-crime republic-of-liberia search-and-seizure service-of-judicial-documents special-investigative-techniques statutory-amendment surveillance terrorist-financing title-2-liberian-code-of-laws-revised undercover-operations voluntary-appearance-of-detainees witness-protection | |
| National Defense Act of 2008 | Executive Law, National Security Laws | African Union, allowances and rations, Armed Forces of Liberia, auditing of public funds, chain of command, Chief of Staff, civilian control of the military, Commander-in-Chief, constitutional law, counterterrorism, court-martial, defense law, deployment outside Liberia, deployment within Liberia, Deputy Chief of Staff, disaster response, discharge, ECOWAS, human rights, insurgency, international humanitarian law, law enforcement support, laws of armed conflict, legislative approval for deployment, legislative oversight, Liberian Air Wing, Liberian Army, Liberian Coast Guard, medical care, military assistance to civil authority, military compensation, military law, Ministry of National Defense, MRU, National Security Council, National Security Law, non-discrimination, oath of allegiance, operational deployment, peacekeeping, pensions, political neutrality, procurement and acquisition, public property accountability, recruitment and enlistment, repeal of statutes, search and rescue, sovereignty, territorial integrity, transparency and accountability, Uniform Code of Military Justice, United Nations, veterans benefits, widows and orphans benefits | national-defense-act-2008 | african-union allowances-and-rations armed-forces-of-liberia auditing-of-public-funds chain-of-command chief-of-staff civilian-control-of-the-military commander-in-chief constitutional-law counterterrorism court-martial defense-law deployment-outside-liberia deployment-within-liberia deputy-chief-of-staff disaster-response discharge ecowas human-rights insurgency international-humanitarian-law law-enforcement-support laws-of-armed-conflict legislative-approval-for-deployment legislative-oversight liberian-air-wing liberian-army liberian-coast-guard medical-care military-assistance-to-civil-authority military-compensation military-law ministry-of-national-defense mru national-security-council national-security-law non-discrimination oath-of-allegiance operational-deployment peacekeeping pensions political-neutrality procurement-and-acquisition public-property-accountability recruitment-and-enlistment repeal-of-statutes search-and-rescue sovereignty territorial-integrity transparency-and-accountability uniform-code-of-military-justice united-nations veterans-benefits widows-and-orphans-benefits | |
| National Police Act of 2015 | 2015, Executive Law, Good Governance Laws, National Security Laws | national-police-act-of-2015 | |||
| National Public Health Institute of Liberia (NPHIL) Act of 2016 | 2016, Environmental Laws, Executive Law, Health Laws, National Security Laws | national-public-health-institute-of-liberia-nphil-act-of-2016 | |||
| New Executive Law (1972) | 1972, Agriculture Laws, Concession Law, Education Laws, Environmental Laws, Executive Law, Good Governance Laws, Health Laws, Infrastructure Laws, Labor Laws, Land Laws, National Security Laws, Tax Laws | 1972 Acts, accountability, accountability institutions, Action for Development and Progress, administrative agencies, administrative efficiency, administrative justice, Administrative Law, administrative oversight, administrative procedure, agricultural credit, Agricultural Credit Corporation, agricultural law, agriculture law, Air Liberia Incorporated, Anti-Corruption Law, apprenticeship law, audit law, autonomous agencies, aviation law, banking and credit, Bureau of Concessions, Bureau of State Enterprises, Bureau of the Budget, Cabinet structure, capacity building, Civil Service Agency, civil service law, civil service reform, commerce law, Commercial Law, communication law, concession monitoring, concessions law, constitutional law, construction law, Corporate Law, cultural heritage law, data protection law, decentralization, decentralization law, defense law, delegation of powers, diplomatic law, Due Process, economic development law, economic law, economic management law, economic planning, education law, Employment Law, energy law, environmental law, executive accountability, Executive Action Bureau, executive agencies, executive appointments, executive branch, Executive Law, executive oversight, executive procedure, financial institutions, Fire Service, fiscal governance, fiscal management, foreign affairs, General Auditing Office, General Services Agency, Good Governance Law, governance law, governance modernization, governance reform, government agency procedure, government ministries, government organization, health law, human rights law, Immigration and Naturalization, INA Decree No. 8 (1985), INA Decree No. 9 (1985), industrial policy, information confidentiality, information governance, information law, infrastructure development, infrastructure law, Institute of Public Administration, institutional accountability, institutional efficiency, institutional reform, institutional structure, internal affairs law, investment law, John F. Kennedy Medical Center, Judicial Review, Labor Law, land law, Liberia Code of Laws Revised, Liberia Shipping Corporation, Liberian construction industry, Liberian Development Corporation, Liberian Produce Marketing Corporation, licensing law, local government law, maritime law, Mining Law, ministerial appointments, ministerial authority, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Commerce, Ministry of Defense, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Health, Ministry of Information, Ministry of Internal Affairs, Ministry of Justice, Ministry of Labor, Ministry of Lands and Mines, Ministry of Planning and Economic Affairs, Ministry of Post and Telecommunications, Ministry of Public Works, Ministry of Transport, Ministry of Youth and Sports, National Archives, National Bidding Committee, national development, National Police, National Scientific Institute, national security, National Security Law, natural resource governance, oversight law, oversight of agencies, parastatals, Permanent Claims Commission, planning law, PRC Decree No. 57 (1981), presidential powers, Procurement law, Property Law, public accountability, public administration, public corporations, public enterprise reform, public finance law, public institutions, public law, public policy coordination, public procurement law, public records, public sector reform, public service ethics, public service law, public works law, records management, records management law, regulatory bodies, regulatory law, Republic of Liberia, rubber industry regulation, Rule of Law, science and technology law, separation of powers, Special Security Service, sports law, state administration, state institutions, state-owned enterprises, succession law, Supreme Court of Liberia, sustainable development, tax law, technical education, Title 12, Title 12 (Executive Law), tourism law, training law, transparency, transparency and accountability, transparency and integrity, transparency law, transport law, transportation law, vocational education, workforce development, youth law | new-executive-law-1972 | 1972-acts accountability accountability-institutions action-for-development-and-progress administrative-agencies administrative-efficiency administrative-justice administrative-law administrative-oversight administrative-procedure agricultural-credit agricultural-credit-corporation agricultural-law agriculture-law air-liberia-incorporated anti-corruption-law apprenticeship-law audit-law autonomous-agencies aviation-law banking-and-credit bureau-of-concessions bureau-of-state-enterprises bureau-of-the-budget cabinet-structure capacity-building civil-service-agency civil-service-law civil-service-reform commerce-law commercial-law communication-law concession-monitoring concessions-law constitutional-law construction-law corporate-law cultural-heritage-law data-protection-law decentralization decentralization-law defense-law delegation-of-powers diplomatic-law due-process economic-development-law economic-law economic-management-law economic-planning education-law employment-law energy-law environmental-law executive-accountability executive-action-bureau executive-agencies executive-appointments executive-branch executive-law executive-oversight executive-procedure financial-institutions fire-service fiscal-governance fiscal-management foreign-affairs general-auditing-office general-services-agency good-governance-law governance-law governance-modernization governance-reform government-agency-procedure government-ministries government-organization health-law human-rights-law immigration-and-naturalization ina-decree-no-8-1985 ina-decree-no-9-1985 industrial-policy information-confidentiality information-governance information-law infrastructure-development infrastructure-law institute-of-public-administration institutional-accountability institutional-efficiency institutional-reform institutional-structure internal-affairs-law investment-law john-f-kennedy-medical-center judicial-review labor-law land-law liberia-code-of-laws-revised liberia-shipping-corporation liberian-construction-industry liberian-development-corporation liberian-produce-marketing-corporation licensing-law local-government-law maritime-law mining-law ministerial-appointments ministerial-authority ministry-of-agriculture ministry-of-commerce ministry-of-defense ministry-of-education ministry-of-finance ministry-of-foreign-affairs ministry-of-health ministry-of-information ministry-of-internal-affairs ministry-of-justice ministry-of-labor ministry-of-lands-and-mines ministry-of-planning-and-economic-affairs ministry-of-post-and-telecommunications ministry-of-public-works ministry-of-transport ministry-of-youth-and-sports national-archives national-bidding-committee national-development national-police national-scientific-institute national-security national-security-law natural-resource-governance oversight-law oversight-of-agencies parastatals permanent-claims-commission planning-law prc-decree-no-57-1981 presidential-powers procurement-law property-law public-accountability public-administration public-corporations public-enterprise-reform public-finance-law public-institutions public-law public-policy-coordination public-procurement-law public-records public-sector-reform public-service-ethics public-service-law public-works-law records-management records-management-law regulatory-bodies regulatory-law republic-of-liberia rubber-industry-regulation rule-of-law science-and-technology-law separation-of-powers special-security-service sports-law state-administration state-institutions state-owned-enterprises succession-law supreme-court-of-liberia sustainable-development tax-law technical-education title-12 title-12-executive-law tourism-law training-law transparency transparency-and-accountability transparency-and-integrity transparency-law transport-law transportation-law vocational-education workforce-development youth-law | |
| Public Safety Law (1965) | 1965, Environmental Laws, Health Laws, National Security Laws, Property Laws | administrative provisions, building inspections, building safety standards, Bureau of Fire Services, chimneys and fuel-burning appliances, combustible materials, commercial safety, compliance and enforcement, definitions, emergency exits, emergency lighting, enforcement powers, exit signage, exits and means of egress, explosives regulation, fire alarms and safety devices, fire hazards, fire prevention code, fire prevention law, fire prevention orders, fire risk management, fire safety standards, fire services, fire-resistant construction, fireproof construction, flammable substances, general precautions against fire, hazardous conditions, incinerators, industrial buildings, industrial safety, inspections and compliance, institutional safety, Liberia statutory codes, Liberian public safety law, no-smoking areas, non-fireproof buildings, obstruction of exits, occupancy classification, penalties and sanctions, public buildings, public safety regulation, regulatory authority, residential buildings, smoking regulations, stairways and fire escapes, statutory law, territorial jurisdiction, ventilation systems, waste material control | public-safety-law-1965 | administrative-provisions building-inspections building-safety-standards bureau-of-fire-services chimneys-and-fuel-burning-appliances combustible-materials commercial-safety compliance-and-enforcement definitions emergency-exits emergency-lighting enforcement-powers exit-signage exits-and-means-of-egress explosives-regulation fire-alarms-and-safety-devices fire-hazards fire-prevention-code fire-prevention-law fire-prevention-orders fire-risk-management fire-safety-standards fire-services fire-resistant-construction fireproof-construction flammable-substances general-precautions-against-fire hazardous-conditions incinerators industrial-buildings industrial-safety inspections-and-compliance institutional-safety liberia-statutory-codes liberian-public-safety-law no-smoking-areas non-fireproof-buildings obstruction-of-exits occupancy-classification penalties-and-sanctions public-buildings public-safety-regulation regulatory-authority residential-buildings smoking-regulations stairways-and-fire-escapes statutory-law territorial-jurisdiction ventilation-systems waste-material-control | |
| Targeted Financial Sanctions Act 2017 | 2017, Anti-Corruption Laws, Anti-Money Laundering Laws, Criminal Law, Good Governance Laws, National Security Laws | 1373, 2178, 2253, administrative procedures, African Union, anti-terrorism legislation, arms embargo, asset freezing, Attorney General authority, border security, Circuit Court jurisdiction, Confidentiality, Counter-Terrorism Advisory Committee (CTAC), counter-terrorism conventions, counter-terrorism law, Criminal Law, criminal prosecution, delisting procedures, designated non-financial businesses and professionals, designated terrorists, domestic designation of terrorists, Due Process, ECOWAS, effective date, financial institutions compliance, Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU), handbill publication, human rights compliance, immigration control, immunity for good-faith reporting, intelligence sharing, inter-agency coordination, international cooperation, international designation of terrorists, international obligations, international peace and security, Judicial Review, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Justice, mutual legal assistance, National Security Law, passenger information sharing, Penal Law enforcement, proceeds of crime, protection of informants, refugee and asylum exclusion, repeal of prior terrorism act, reporting obligations, right of appeal, sanctions for non-compliance, seizure of terrorist assets, targeted sanctions, terrorist financing, terrorist groups, terrorist organizations, travel ban, United Nations Security Council sanctions, UNSC resolutions 1267, weapons of mass destruction, witness protection | targeted-financial-sanctions-act-2017 | 1373 2178 2253 administrative-procedures african-union anti-terrorism-legislation arms-embargo asset-freezing attorney-general-authority border-security circuit-court-jurisdiction confidentiality counter-terrorism-advisory-committee-ctac counter-terrorism-conventions counter-terrorism-law criminal-law criminal-prosecution delisting-procedures designated-non-financial-businesses-and-professionals designated-terrorists domestic-designation-of-terrorists due-process ecowas effective-date financial-institutions-compliance financial-intelligence-unit-fiu handbill-publication human-rights-compliance immigration-control immunity-for-good-faith-reporting intelligence-sharing inter-agency-coordination international-cooperation international-designation-of-terrorists international-obligations international-peace-and-security judicial-review ministry-of-foreign-affairs ministry-of-justice mutual-legal-assistance national-security-law passenger-information-sharing penal-law-enforcement proceeds-of-crime protection-of-informants refugee-and-asylum-exclusion repeal-of-prior-terrorism-act reporting-obligations right-of-appeal sanctions-for-non-compliance seizure-of-terrorist-assets targeted-sanctions terrorist-financing terrorist-groups terrorist-organizations travel-ban united-nations-security-council-sanctions unsc-resolutions-1267 weapons-of-mass-destruction witness-protection |